Discuss the potential negative effects of positive pressure ventilation, and How to minimize complications from positive pressure ventilation
a) Potential negative effects include barotrauma and decreased cardiac output; Complications can be minimized by using lower tidal volumes and monitoring for signs of overinflation.
b) Potential negative effects include hypoxemia and respiratory alkalosis; Complications can be minimized by increasing tidal volumes and providing supplemental oxygen.
c) Potential negative effects include hypercarbia and hypotension; Complications can be minimized by increasing respiratory rate and administering vasopressors.
d) Potential negative effects include pneumothorax and pulmonary embolism; Complications can be minimized by using higher positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) levels.