Answer:
1. p = 1090 mmHg
2. and 3. See below.
Step-by-step explanation:
1) Pressure-Temperature relationship
a) Sketch the p-T graph.
The graph is linear (see below).
b) Calculate the slope of the line
m = (y₂ - y₁)/(x₂ - x₁)
m = (960 – 726)/(100 – 10)
m = 234/90
m = 2.60 mmHg/°C
c) Extrapolate the line to 150 °C
Start from (100, 960).
2.60 = (y₂ - 960)/(150 - 100)
2.60 = (y₂ - 960)/50 Multiply each side by 50
130 = y₂ - 960 Add 960 to each side
y₂ = 1090 mmHg
2) Concentration of solutions
Add a small crystal of KNO₃ to the solution.
- If the crystal dissolves, the solution is unsaturated.
- If the crystal neither grows nor shrinks, the solution is saturated.
- If a large amount of crystals forms, the solution is supersaturated.
3) Solubility of gasoline in water.
Water molecules are highly polar, with strong attractive forces to each other.
Gasoline molecules are nonpolar hydrocarbons, with weak attractions to each other and to water molecules.
The water molecules are so strongly attracted to each other that the gasoline cannot mix with them, so the liquids form two separate layers
