how does the kinetic energy gained by a charge relate to the potential across the plates of a capacitor?

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08-12-2022
Physics

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how does the kinetic energy gained by a charge relate to the potential across the plates of a capacitor?

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jaiswaljyoti jaiswaljyoti · Answer 1 · 2022-12-17T10:30:33+01:00

The electric field strength in a capacitor is directly proportional to the voltage applied and inversely proportional to the distance between the plates.When the plate separation is increased, the charge stored in the capacitor remains same and the capacitance decreases. Therefore, potential difference across the plates increases.

By conservation of energy, the kinetic energy has to equal the change in potential energy, so KE=qV. The energy of the electron in electron-volts is numerically the same as the voltage between the plates. For example, a 5000-V potential difference produces 5000-eV electrons.Potential energy is position relative. In other words, it changes depending on an object's height or distance and the mass of the object. Kinetic energy changes depending on an object's speed and its mass. If we think about a waterfall, some still water at the top of the waterfall has potential energy.

According to the virial theorem, the kinetic energy is half of the negative of potential energy. The potential energy is the double of the negative of kinetic energy. The total energy is equal to the negative of the kinetic energy.

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